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Canterbury Provincial Ordinances |
4. The Trespass of Cattle Ordinance 1869
[September 4. 1869.]
Whereas an Ordinance was passed by the Superintendent and Provincial Council of the Province of Canterbury entituled, "The Trespass of Cattle Ordinance Session XIV. No. 1 " And whereas another Ordinance was passed by the Superintendent and Provincial Council of the Province of Canterhury entituled
"The Trespass of Cattle Ordinance No. 2 Session XVII. No. 13" And whereas
another Ordinance was passed by the Superintendent and Provincial
Council of the
Province of Canterbury entituled "The Trespass of Cattle Ordinance 1862 " And
whereas it is expedient to consolidate
and amend the law relating to the
Trespass of Cattle within the Province of Canterbury:
Be it therefore enacted by the Superintendent of the Province of Canterbury
with the advice and consent of the Provincial Council
thereof as
follows:
1. Repealing Clause.
All the above recited Ordinances shall be and the same are hereby repealed
within the Province of Canterbury except as to any proceedings
already commenced
or taken or matters done or liabilities or penalties incurred under the said
Ordinances or any of them.
2. Interpretation Clause.
In the interpretation of this Ordinance the word " Cattle" unless otherwise
specially defined shall be deemed to include all horned
and neat cattle horses
mules asses sheep goats and swine of all ages and of either sex and the words
"Owner of Cattle " shall be
taken to mean the person having the lawful charge
control and management of such cattle and the term " Sufficient Fence " shall be
taken to mean any fence of the several kinds described in the Schedule A to this
Ordinance the smallest part in which shall be of
not less dimensions than those
set forth in the same Schedule The term " Fenced Land " shall mean land enclosed
by a sufficient fence
within the meaning of this Ordinance and the term, "
Ordinary Damages " shall be deemed to be the amount or damages in every case
respectively according to the scale set forth in the Schedule B to this
Ordinance and the words " Special Damages " shall be deemed
to be the amount of
actual damage to the occupier which it shall be proved to the satisfaction of he
Court has been caused by, the
trespass of any cattle and the word
"Residence” of the Owner of any Cattle shall be taken to mean the nearest
known residence
or homestead in use by the owner of such Cattle and the word "
Occupier" of any land shall be taken to mean the person having the
use or
occupation of such land or holding a license from the Crown for the depasturing
of Cattle thereupon or the Agent Bailiff or
Servant of any such person and the
words " the nearest Public Pound " shall be taken to mean such public pound as
any Court before
whom any question arising under this Ordinance shall be heard
shall deem the most convenient for the purpose having regard to the
circumstances of each case.
3. Cattle to be impounded under the provisions of this Ordinance. From and after the passing of this Ordinance no cattle shall be impounded except only under the authority and in accordance with the provisions of this Ordinance.
4. Cattle straying in streets and thoroughfares.
If any cattle shall be at any time found straying in or lying about any
street thoroughfare highway or other public place or across
any part thereof or
shall be found tethered in any street thoroughfare highway or other public place
or so immediately adjoining
to such street thoroughfare or other public place as
to obstruct the same it shall be lawful for any person, to drive the same to
the
nearest pound and the owner thereof shall for every head of cattle so found
straying lying or tethered be liable to a fine or
penalty of not less than Five
Shillings nor more than Twenty Shillings together with the reasonable expenses
of removing such cattle
from the place where the same shall be found to the
fields stable or residence of the owner or to the nearest Public Pound This,
clause shall not apply to cattle owned by any Licensee of Crown Lands, if such
cattle are depasturing on roads over which he has
a right of pasturage.
5. Cattle trespassing upon land.
If any cattle shall be found trespassing upon any land it shall be lawful for
the occupier of such land or of the pasturage thereof
thereupon to take such
cattle and either to drive them to the residence of the owner or to detain them
on his own land at some convenient
place and immediately thereupon to give
notice of such detention at the residence of the owner thereof and if the cattle
so detained
shall not be removed within twelve hours after the service of such
notice it shall be lawful for the person detaining the same to
drive them to the
residence of the owner or to the nearest Public Pound as he shall think fit but
if the owner of such cattle shall
be unknown to such occupier it shall be lawful
for him to detain such cattle on his own land as aforesaid and if such cattle
shall
not be removed within twelve hours it shall be lawful for such occupier to
drive the same to the nearest Public Pound and such occupier
shall be entitled
to recover from the owner of such cattle ordinary damages and charges fr driving
the same and for giving notice
of the detention of the same according to the
scale respectively set forth in Schedule C this Ordinance Provided also that
such occupier
if claiming ordinary damages may demand the payment of such
ordinary damages before restitution of such cattle within the period
of twelve
hours aforesaid but if such occupier shall claim special damages then such
cattle shall not be detained if application
be made by the owner for their
restitution Provided also that no owner or occupier of any unfenced freehold
land shall be entitled
to demand or recover any damages whatever by reason of
the trespass thereon of any cattle or any fees for driving or for giving notice
of the detention of such cattle Provided also that if the land upon which any
cattle shall be found, trespassing is within the distance
of three miles from
any Public Pound, the occupier of such land may drive such cattle at once to
the nearest Public Pound.
6. Entire animals wandering at large.
If any bull entire horse ass or mule shall be found wandering at large on land not being in the lawful occupation of the owner of such animal or upon any street thoroughfare highway or other public place it shall be lawful for any person
thereupon to impound the same and the owner thereof shall be further liable
to a penalty of not less than Two Pounds and not more
than Five Pounds.
7. Damages may be recovered in the ordinary course of law.
Any person entitled to claim ordinary damages for any trespass done by cattle
not having impounded such cattle may recover such damages
in the ordinary course
of law and if he shall have impounded such cattle such damages shall be paid to
him by the Poundkeeper as
hereinafter provided.
8. Cattle trespassing upon fenced land.
If any cattle shall be found trespassing upon any fenced land the occupier
thereof shall be entitled to recover from the owner of
such cattle either
ordinary damages or special damages as he shall think fit and such occupier may
recover the same in the due course
of law.
9. Pigs trespassing upon land.
If any pigs shall be found trespassing on any land whether fenced or unfenced
the occupier or owner of such land may recover from
the owner of such pigs
damages at the rate of one shilling per head and if any pigs the property of the
same owner shall trespass
on such land within the space of one month after the
first trespass such occupier may recover from such owner damages at the rate
of
two shillings per head for every pig so trespassing Provided that in no case
shall the total amount of damages so recovered for
trespass upon any one
occasion exceed the sum of two pounds Provided also that such occupier may
either drive such pigs or cause
them to be conveyed to the residence of the
owner or to the nearest Public Pound and may recover from the owner the
reasonable expenses
of so doing.
10. Superintendent may cause Public Pounds to be erected and maintained.
It shall be lawful for the Superintendent to cause Public Pounds to be
erected and maintained within the Province and from time to
time abolish or
remove the same amd all such pounds shall be situate immediately adjoining some
public highway and a notification
of every such establishment abolition or
removal of a Public Pound shall appear in the Government Gazette of the Province
setting
forth fully the situation of such Pound or the situation to which it is
removed as the case may be together with the day being not
less than ten clear
days after the issue of such Gazette from and after which such establishment
abolition or removal shall take
effect.
11. Superintendent may appoint Poundkeepers.
It shall be lawful for the Superintendent by writing under his hand to
appoint fit and proper persons to be Poundkeepers and from
time to time to
remove the same and to appoint others in their stead and every such appointment
or removal shall take effect from
the day upon which the same shall be notified
in the public Gazette of the Province.
12. Poundkeeper to give security.
Every Poundkeeper shall give security for the due performance of the duties
of his office by bond to the amount of Fifty Pounds by
himself and two sureties
bring substantial householders of the Province.
13. Duties of Poundkeeper.
It shall be the duty of the Poundkeeper to keep the Pound under his charge
clean and in good order and the fences thereof in proper
repair and every day or
part of a day not being less than six hours during which any cattle shall be in
the Pound to supply such
cattle with a sufficient quantity of wholesome food and
water and for every offence either by wilful act or by neglect against the
provisions of this clause the Poundkeeper shall be liable to a penalty not
exceeding Five Pounds and not less than One Pound.
14. Poundkeeper may demand fees set forth in Schedule D.
It shall be lawful for the Poundkeeper to demand and receive from the owner
of any cattle impounded all such fees and charges as are
set forth in the
Schedule D to this Ordinance on account of the several services therein
described and the Poundkeeper shall until
the Superintendent shall notify his
intention to hand over the control of the Pound to the Road Board or
Municipality within the
jurisdiction of which any Pound may be situate account
for all such fees and charges to the Provincial Treasurer or to any
Sub-Treasurer
as the Superintendent may from time to time direct once in every
quarter on the first days of January April July and October respectively
and all
such fees and charges shall be first applied in payment of the salary or
remuneration of the Poundkeeper and any surplus
after the payment of such salary
or remuneration shall be paid to the public account of the Province.
15. Poundkeeper to erect and maintain board with table of fees painted thereon.
The Poundkeeper shall erect and maintain in some conspicuous part of the
Pound under his charge a white board having painted thereon
in legible black
letters a table of all the fees and charges which he is authorised by this
Ordinance to demand and receive and if
he shall fail to maintain the same or
permit any false statement to appear thereon he shall be liable to a fine of
Five Shillings
for every day during which any false statement shall appear
thereon.
16. Poundkeeper liable to penalty for demanding or taking greater sum than authorised.
If any Poundkeeper shall demand or take any greater sum for any act or service than he is hereby authorised to demand and take or shall fail duly to account for the fees and charges received by him in the manner hereinbefore provided such Poundkeeper shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding Five Pounds nor less than One Pound for every such offence.
17. Poundkeeper to keep copy of this Ordinance and a Pound-book.
The Poundkeeper shall keep at or near the Pound a copy of this Ordinance and
also a Pound-book in the form set forth in Schedule E
to this Ordinance and he
shall enter into such book every particular required to be entered therein
according to the said form and
all such entries shall be made at the time the
acts were done to which they refer respectively and every entry respecting the
time
of impounding any cattle and the cause for which they were impounded and
the amount of damages claimed shall be entered in the presence
of the person
impounding such cattle and shall be signed by such person and the Pound keeper
shall produce the copy of this Ordinance;
and the Pound-book and all orders and
other papers relating to the impounding of any cattle at all reasonable times to
any person
desiring to inspect the same and may demand and receive the sum of
Sixpence for every such inspection and the Poundkeeper shall if
required grant
certified extracts from such books and papers and may demand and receive the sum
of Sixpence for every such inspection
and the Poundkeeper shall if required
grant certified extracts from such books and papers and may demand and receive
the sum of One
Shilling for every such extract not comprising more than one
hundred words and for every subsequent number of words not exceeding
one hundred
the sum of Sixpence.
18. Poundkeeper liable to a penalty for non-production of Ordinance or
Pound-book when required.
If the Poundkeeper shall neglect or refuse to produce a copy of this
Ordinance or the Pound-book or of any paper in his possession
relating to the
impounding of any cattle or shall refuse to permit any one having first tendered
the charge hereby authorised to
be demanded to make such inspection as aforesaid
or shall refuse to furnish extracts from such books or papers as hereinbefore
provided
or if he shall have neglected to make any entry in the Pound-book which
he is hereby required to make he shall for every such offence
or default be
liable to a penalty not exceeding Twenty Shillings and if such Poundkeeper shall
wilfully delay making such entry or
shall knowingly make any false entry in the
Pound- book or shall wrongfully erase or destroy any previous entry therein he
shall
be liable for every such offence to a penalty not exceeding Ten
Pounds.
19. Poundkeeper liable to penalty for loss or damage to cattle in his custody.
All cattle impounded shall be in the lawful custody of the Poundkeeper and if
any loss or damage shall occur to such cattle through
the wilful act or neglect
of the Poundkeeper or his servants the owner thereof may recover compensation
for the same in a summary
way and the Poundkeeper shall not release such cattle
from the Pound unless upon the payment of all lawful fees charges and damages
which he is herein entitled to demand or receive and except upon the written
authority of the person impounding the same together
with such lawful fees and
charges and it shall be his duty immediately upon such payment or upon such
authority together with such
payment as aforesaid to release and deliver up such
cattle and if the Poundkeeper shall at any time release cattle from the Pound
except as herein provided or refuse to deliver up and release such cattle as he
is lawfully required so to do he shall be liable
to a penalty not exceeding Five
Pounds.
20. Persons impounding cattle may claim damages set forth in Schedules B and C.
If the person impounding any cattle shall state to the Poundkeeper that he
claims "ordinary damages" or "charges for driving cattle”
or "charges for
giving notice of the detention of cattle" as set forth in Schedules B and C
respectively hereto annexed in satisfaction
of the trespass for which such
cattle are impounded and shall state the amount of such damages or charges and
shall certify to the
same in the Pound-book the Poundkeeper shall demand and he
is hereby empowered to demand and receive such amount in addition to all
other
lawful fees and charges from the person taking delivery of such cattle and the
Poundkeeper shall pay over such amount on demand
to the person having claimed
the same.
21. Impounded cattle not claimed how to be dealt with.
If any impounded cattle shall not be claimed within twenty-four hours after
such impounding the Poundkeepcr shall immediately send
notice in writing to the
owner thereof together with an extract from the Pound-book containing all the
particulars of the impounding
of such cattle and the amount of " ordinary
damages " claimed if any and shall further state the day upon which such cattle
will
be sold if not sooner released and such notice shall be delivered
personally to the Owner or shall be given to some adult person
at his usual
place of abode. Provided that if such owner shall live at a greater distance
than five miles from the Pound such notice
shall be given to any one being his
known agent living within such distance and if neither the owner nor his agent
shall be living
within such distance or if the owner shall not be known to the
Poundkeeper then the Poundkeeper shall post such notice at the Pounds
and at
some other place of public resort in the neighbourhood and shall advertise the
same in the public newspapers of the nearest
town and shall cause such
advertisement to appear in every issue of such newspapers until the day of sale
of such cattle provided
that if such cattle shall consist of sheep goats or
swine and be not more than two in number it shall not be necessary to give any
other notice of such impounding than by posting such notice as aforesaid on the
Pound and at some other place of public resort in
the neighbourhood and for
giving such notices the Poundkeeper shall be entitled to receive the fees set
forth in Schedule F hereto
annexed together with the full cost of inserting such
advertisements in the newspapers.
22. Impounded cattle not claimed within twenty-one days after notice has been served may be sold.
If any impounded cattle shall not be released from the Pound within seven
clear days after notice shall have been served as aforesaid
or within twenty-one
clear days after such notice shall have been posted as aforesaid the Poundkeeper
may apply to any Justice of
the Peace for an order for the sale of such cattle
And if such Justice of the Peace shall be satisfied by inspection of the
Pound-book
and by the evidence upon oath of the Poundkeeper and by such other
evidence as he may require that the provisions of this Ordinance
have been
complied with such Justice may give an order in writing for the sale of such
cattle and if such Justice shall find that
the terms of this Ordinance have not
been complied with and if delay in the sale of the cattle shall have been
occasioned by any
neglect of the Poundkeeper the Poundkeeper shall bear all the
costs arising from such delay.
23. Pound sales how to be conducted.
All sales of impounded cattle shall take place at the Pound and shall commence at the hour of noon and each animal shall be put up in separate lot and shall be sold to the highest bidder (provided that any ducklings may be put up in the same lot with the mother thereof) and the Poundkeeper notwithstanding he shall not be duly licensed is hereby empowered to act as an Auctioneer at such sale Provided that it shall not be lawful for the Poundkeeper or the person impounding such cattle or the Justice making the order for the sale thereof either directly or indirectly to purchase any animal at such sale And every purchase made by such persons shall be absolutely null and void and the persons offending against the provisions of this clause shall be liable to a penalty of Five pounds over and
above the restitution of the animal or animals so purchased.
24. Sale may take place earlier if proceeds of sale may not be sufficient to satisfy lawful demands of Poundkeeper.
Provided that it shall appear to any two Justices of the Peace upon the
evidence of the Poundkeeper and upon such other evidence as
such Justices may
require that the proceeds of the sale of any cattle impounded may not be
sufficient to satisfy the lawful fees
and charges due to the Poundkeeper if such
cattle shall be maintained in the Pound until the day of sale as hereinbefore
provided
it shall be lawful for such Justices to order such sale to take place
upon any day they shall think fit earlier than the day of sale
hereinbefore
directed.
25. Disposal of proceeds.
The Poundkeeper shall receive the price of all impounded cattle sold as
herein provided immediately after the sale thereof and shall
apply the same -
first in the payment of all lawful fees and charges, due to himself and secondly
in payment of the damages “charges
for driving cattle” and
“charges for giving notice of the detention of cattle” (if any)
claimed by the person impounding
the cattle and he shall pay the residue to the
owner of such cattle or to his Agent upon the same being demanded and if no such
demand
shall be made within thirty days after such sale he shall pay over such
residue to the Provincial Treasurer and the receipt of the
Provincial Treasurer
shall be a legal discharge to the Poundkeeper for the amount named therein and
if such sum of money shall not
be claimed within two years from the date of the
receipt thereof by the Provincial Treasurer it shall be lawful for the
Superintendent
by warrant under his hand to direct the same to be applied to the
Public uses of the Province and to the support of the Government
thereof.
26. Poundkeeper to keep copy of register of brands.
The Poundkeeper shall keep a true and faithful copy of the register of brands
according to “The Sheep Ordinance 1864.”
27. Cattle illegally impounded.
If any cattle shall have been illegally impounded the owner thereof shall be
entitled to recover from the person impounding the same
full compensation for
all the loss and damage which he may have suffered thereby.
28. Penalty for rescue of cattle.
If any person shall rescue or attempt to rescue any cattle which shall have
been lawfully seized for the purpose of being impounded
or shall break down
injure or destroy any Pound legally erected whether any cattle shall be
impounded therein or not or shall commit
any Pound breach or, rescue whereby any
cattle of any description shall escape or be enlarged from any such Pound every
such person
shall upon conviction of such offence to be liable to a penalty not
exceeding Twenty Pounds.
29. No penalty to exceed one hundred pounds.
No penalty to be imposed in any one conviction under the provisions of this
Ordinance shall exceed the sum of One Hundred Pounds.
30. Pounds and Poundkeepers at present existing deemed to be Pounds and Poundkeepers under this Ordinance.
Until further proceedings in that behalf in pursuance of this Ordinance as
hereinbefore provided the Public Pounds at present by law
established shall be
taken and deemed to be Public Pounds and the Poundkeepers thereof to be
Poundkeepers within the meaning and
under the authority of this
Ordinance.
31. Superintendent may notify to any Mayor or Chairman of Road Board his intention to hand over control and management of any Pound.
It shall be lawful for the Superintendent by writing under his hand to notify to the Mayor of any City or Borough or to the Chairman of any Road Board his intention to hand over the control and management of any Pound which shall be situated within the limits of any City Borough or Road District to the Council of such City or Borough or to such Road Board and from and after a day to be named in such notification the powers hereby given to the Superintendent shall be held and enjoyed by such City or Borough Council or Road Board respectively and the Poundkeeper shall account for all fees and charges received by him in such manner as may be directed by the Council of such City or Borough or any such Road Board.
32. Penalty for wilfully driving cattle from unoccupied land on to either person’s land or on to public road.
If any person shall wilfully remove or drive any cattle from any land of
which he shall not be the owner or occupier on to the lands
of any other person
or on to any public road he shall on conviction be liable to a penalty not
exceeding Five Pounds for every such
offence.
33. Proceedings to be commenced within thirty days of occurrence of trespass.
No proceedings for the recovery of damages on account of any trespass shall
be commenced under the authority of this Ordinance unless
they be commenced
within thirty days after the occurrence of such trespass.
34. Penalties how to be recovered.
All fines and penalties imposed under the authority of this Ordinance may be
recoverable on conviction of the parties charged before
any two Justices of the
Peace.
35. Ordinance when to come into force.
This Ordinance shall come into force on the first day of September
1869.
Schedules.
Schedule A. Description of Sufficient Fence.
1. A post and rail fence at least four feet in height of substantial material
firmly erected with no greater distance between the
rails or between the rails
and the ground at any point than nine inches and the posts not more than eight
feet six inches asunder.
2. A substantial upright paling at least three feet six inches in height with
no greater distance between the palings than four inches.
3. A substantial wire fence at the least four feet in height having not less
than six wires tightly stretched with no greater distance
between each of the
three bottom wires or the bottom wire and the ground than six inches and the
posts or standards of which are
not further than nine feet from each
other.
4. A bank or wall of substantial materials at the least four feet in height
of which the slope is not more than one foot from the
perpendicular.
5. A close and sufficient live fence at least four feet in height.
6. A combination of the above kind of fences at the least four feet in height.
7. A ditch not less than five feet broad with a bank or any fence or combination of the sorts of fences on the further side thereof the top of which shall be at least five feet six inches from the bottom of the ditch and three feet six inches above the level of the ground and where the slope of the bank on the ditch side thereof is not more than one in three and the slope of the ditch on the bank side not
more than one in two.
8. Any fence erected previous to the passing of this Ordinance which shall be
of the description contained in Schedule B to the Trespass
of Cattle Ordinance
Session XIV No. 1.
Schedule B. Scale of Ordinary Damages.
Within the District herreinafter defined as the Agricultural
District:-
For every head of horses asses mules horned or neat cattle the sum of One
Shilling and for every head of sheep or goats the sum of Threepence.
Within the portion of the Province not included in the Agricultural District or in the
Towns as hereinafter specified:-
For every head of horses asses mules horned or neat cattle the sum of
Threepence and for every sheep or goat One Penny.
Provided that in no case shall the sum to be charged for ordinary damages for
trespass by cattle upon any one occasion exceed the
sum of Two Pounds.
The Agricultural District shall comprise all that portion of the Province
contained within the Avon the Heathcote and the Kaiapoi
Electoral Districts
except the Town of Kaiapoi and the Port Victoria Electoral District as set forth
and described in the Provincial
Council Extension Ordinance Sess. VIII. No. 8
and any other portions of the Province which shall have been or shall from time
to
time by Proclamation of the Superintendent in pursuance of a recommendation
to that effect from the Provincial Council be declared
to be included in such
Agricultural District.
Schedule C. Charges for Driving Cattle.
For any number of cattle of any sort whatsoever not exceeding twenty-five in
number Two Shillings and Sixpence for every mile or fractional
part of a mile
from the residence of the person driving such cattle to the residence of the
owner of the same or to the Pound.
For any number exceeding twenty-five Five Shillings per mile.
For giving notice of the detention of cattle:-
For every mile or part of a mile exceeding one furlong from the residence of the person giving such notice to the residence of the owner of the cattle One Shilling. Provided that in no case shall the charge for so driving or for giving notice
exceed the sum of Two Pounds.
Schedule D. Pound Fees.
s. d. For each entire horse above the age of twelve months 02 06
For each mare gelding colt filly foal mule ass goat or pig 01 03
For each bull above the age of twelve months 02 06
For each ox cow steer heifer or calf (first ten) 00 06
For each ox cow steer heifer or calf (next ten) 00 04
For each ox cow steer heifer or calf (next thirty) 00 03
For each ox cow steer heifer or calf (above fifty) 00 02
For each ram above the age of nine months 00 06
For each ewe wether or lamb (first twenty) 00 02
For each ewe wether or lamb (next fifty) 00 01
For each ewe wether or lamb (above one hundred) 00 0½
The above fees to be paid for each day or part of a day during which the
animal is kept in the pound.
Charges for Food.
For every horse mare gelding mule ass colt filly
s. d.
foal or bull cow steer heifer or calf 01 00
For every sheep or lamb 00 01
For every goat 00 02
For every boar sow or pig 00 06
The above charges to be paid for each day or part of a day during which the
animal is supplied with food and water by the Poundkeeper.
Schedule E. Form of Poundkeeper’s Book.
[Form: Headings.] Date.
Time.
Particulars of cattle impounded.
Brand marks. Owner.
By whom impounded.
For what cause impounded.
Place where cattle were found trespassing. Time and mode of giving notice.
How disposed of.
Time when released or sold. Particulars of release or
sale.
Schedule F. Poundkeeper’s Fees for Giving Notices of Cattle
Impounded.
For giving notice to any owner agent or bailiff within five miles of the Pound:–
s. d. For any distance not exceeding two miles 02 00
For every additional mile, or part of a mile 01 00
For posting a notice where the owner be not known or lives at a greater distance than five miles from the Pound and has no agent or
bailiff within that distance 01 00
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